This study focuses on the types of synonymy and the factors which cause the occurrence of synonymous words. There are two research problems of the study; those are (1) what types of synonymy are found in Kamus Dwibahasa Indonesia-Madura? and (2) what are the factors that cause the occurrence of synonymous words found in the dictionary? The study has two objectives. These are to explain the types of synonymy and to explain the factors which cause the occurrence of synonymy. The study is designed as qualitative study. The data are words which belong to synonymy in Kamus Dwibahasa Indonesia-Madura. The writer collects the data by applying non participant observation through note taking technique. In analyzing the data, the study uses distributional method through substitutional technique. The data analysis reveals the findings which answer the formulated research questions. First, the type of synonymy which mostly emerges in the data is propositional synonymy. It is demonstrated by 140 data. The second position goes to near synonymy which has 56 data. Then, the lowest frequency is absolute synonymy with 17 data. The factors that cause the words to be synonyms are the nuance of meaning (175 data), followed then by regional factor (20 data), social factor (13 data), temporal factor (3 data), and the last activity factor (2 data) in the lowest frequency. Keywords: Synonymy, Kamus Dwibahasa Indonesia-Madura

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